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ASM-A-1 Tarzon
The ASM-A-1 Tarzon, also known as VB-13, was a guided bomb developed by the United States Army Air Forces during the late 1940s. Mating the guidance system of the earlier Razon radio-controlled weapon with a British Tallboy bomb, the ASM-A-1 saw brief operational service in the Korean War before being withdrawn from service in 1951.
==Design and development==
Development of the VB-13 Tarzon began in February 1945, with Bell Aircraft being awarded a contract by the United States Army Air Forces for the development of a very large guided bomb.〔Parsch 2003〕〔Stumpf 1998, p.13.〕 The VB-13 was a combination of a radio-command guidance system as used on the smaller VB-3 Razon ('Range And azimuth only') guided bomb with the British-developed Tallboy "earthquake" bomb,〔〔Schmitt 2002, p.45.〕 known to the USAAF as M112.〔Gillepsie 2006, p.54.〕 The 'Tarzon' name was a portmanteau, combining Tallboy, range and azimuth only, describing the weapon and guidance system;〔〔NMUSAF Fact Sheet: VB-13 Tarzon Bomb〕 and was pronounced similarly to that of "Tarzan", the popular "ape-man" fictional character.〔"''(Bomb With A Brain )''". British Pathé newsreel 52/51A, June 23, 1952. Accessed 2013-03-22.〕
The VB-13, redesignated ASM-A-1 in 1948,〔 was developed under the project code MX-674.〔〔Dorr 2003, p.31.〕 It had an annular wing around the midsection of its body, mounted near the weapon's center of gravity.〔 At the rear of the bomb was an octagonal tail surface containing the Razon control surfaces.〔〔 Intended to be carryed by the Boeing B-29 Superfortress bomber, the Tarzon bomb used the combination of AN/ARW-38 (Army Navy, Piloted Aircraft, Radio, Automatic Flight or Remote Control ) command link transmitter on the B-29 and an AN/URW-2 (Army Navy, Utility, Radio, Automatic Flight or Remote Control ) receiver on the Tarzon to provide manual command guidance of range and azimuth. This was done with visual tracking of the bomb's course, aided by a flare mounted in the tail of the weapon.〔〔 Gyroscopes on board the ASM-A-1 aided in stabilisation, while a pneumatic system drove the bomb's control surfaces.〔 The guidance system was considered effective; Tarzon proved in testing to have an accuracy of .〔
In addition to the nominal weight of the Tallboy it was based on, the annular wing and control surfaces boosted the weight of Tarzon by an additional .〔 As a result, the size and weight of the ASM-A-1 were such that the weapon would not fit inside the bomb bay of a Superfortress; instead, the weapon was carried in a semi-recessed mounting, half the weapon being exposed to the airstream. This increased drag on the carrying aircraft, in addition to causing turbulent airflow that could affect the handling of the B-29.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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